Which materials are typically inspected using phased array ultrasonic testing?

Phased array ultrasonic testing (PAUT) is a versatile and highly effective non-destructive testing technique that is primarily used for inspecting various materials, including metals, composites, and welds. This method utilizes multiple ultrasonic elements to create a focused beam that can be steered and scanned electronically, allowing for detailed imaging and assessment of the material's integrity.

Metals are commonly inspected because PAUT can detect defects like cracks, voids, and inclusions that may significantly affect structural integrity. Composites, which are increasingly used in aerospace and automotive industries, benefit from PAUT for their complex structures and potential hidden flaws. Additionally, welds are particularly scrutinized, as they are critical points in many engineered systems where joint integrity is essential.

The other choices are limited in scope. While non-metals, plastics, rubber, and textiles may be examined using various methods, PAUT is particularly suited for the more complex internal structures found in metals and composite materials, making them the primary candidates for this advanced testing technique.