What is the primary difference between 1D and 2D phased array probes?

The primary distinction between 1D and 2D phased array probes lies in their configuration of elements. 1D phased array probes consist of elements arranged in a single linear formation, which allows for scanning in one direction. This linear arrangement means that the probes can steer and focus the ultrasonic beam only along a single plane.

In contrast, 2D phased array probes feature elements arranged in a matrix format, enabling them to control and manipulate the beam in two dimensions. This configuration allows for more sophisticated imaging capabilities, such as the ability to produce a volumetric view of the inspected material, enhancing detection and characterization of flaws.

Understanding this fundamental difference is crucial in selecting the appropriate type of probe for specific applications in non-destructive testing. The matrix arrangement of 2D probes gives them greater versatility for complex inspections, such as those required in welds or intricate geometries, compared to the more straightforward applications suitable for 1D probes.