What is the function of a "B-scan" in phased array ultrasonic testing?

The function of a "B-scan" in phased array ultrasonic testing is to display echo amplitudes at various depths. In this visualization technique, the data captured during the ultrasonic testing is processed to show a two-dimensional cross-section of the material being tested. The Y-axis typically represents the depth of penetration within the material, while the X-axis shows the position along the scan line. The echo amplitudes from detected flaws or features are represented by variations in brightness or color on the displayed image.

This B-scan format is particularly valuable because it allows technicians to interpret the internal structure of the material under inspection, helping to identify anomalies such as cracks, voids, or inclusions. It essentially provides a snapshot of the material’s condition at different depths, making it an essential tool for analysis during nondestructive testing operations.

Options involving the analysis of temperature effects, calibration of equipment, or showcasing equipment integrity do not pertain to the specific role of a B-scan, which is fundamentally about visualizing and interpreting internal defect details based on echo data.