What capability do phased array beams have regarding their movement?

Phased array beams possess the ability to be electronically steered, scanned, swept, and focused due to the specific design and operation of phased array systems. This technology utilizes multiple elements in an array, which can be activated in various sequences to control the direction and shape of the ultrasonic beam.

When electronic steering is employed, the phase of the ultrasound waves emitted by each element can be adjusted. This allows the beam to be directed toward a specific angle without the need to physically move the transducer, enabling rapid scanning over a range of angles. Scanning refers to the ability to cover a predefined area or volume by changing the beam direction in a systematic way. Sweeping is similar, allowing the beam to continuously cover a sector over time, providing a dynamic view of the inspected area. Focusing can also be achieved by delaying the pulsing of elements, which enhances the resolution of signals at specific depths.

The combination of these capabilities in phased array systems leads to improved defect detection and characterization, making this method versatile and efficient for non-destructive testing applications.