The focal law generator incorporates which of the following?

The focal law generator is essential for phased array ultrasonics as it establishes how ultrasonic beams are focused and steered within the inspected material. The correct option emphasizes the role of the pitch and spacing of the probe, in conjunction with the relative geometry and materials of the inspected part.

In phased array systems, the pitch refers to the distance between the individual elements of the probe, which affects the resolution and depth of focus of the emitted ultrasonic beams. Spacing is equally important, as it influences the coverage and area of inspection. Both factors are critical for generating accurate focal laws, which dictate the angles and focal lengths for sound waves to optimize detection of flaws or discontinuities within the test material.

Furthermore, the relative geometry and materials of the inspected component directly impact how ultrasonic waves propagate and interact within the material. The focal law must account for factors like thickness, shape, and material properties to ensure effective detection of any potential defects.

By incorporating these elements, the focal law generator can create specific configurations that enable operators to achieve the best results in flaw detection and assessment, making option B the most comprehensive and accurate answer.